CONTINOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (CAPD)
Living Donors - family members make the closest tissue matches.
Cadaver - from people who have decided to donate their organs when they die.
Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of renal failure.
Hypertension and gloromerulonephritis are the other important causes.
There are two types of kidney failure.
- The acute - Which is reversible.
- The
chronic - Which is irreversible.
PONDICHERRY KIDNEY
Frequently
Asked Questions
What
are the functions of Kidney?
Kidney act like a
24-hour cleaning crew for your blood. They filter out
waste products. They get rid of excess water. They balance chemicals in your
blood such as potassium and sodium .They remove excess acid. They also produce
a hormone to help the bone marrow make red blood cells.
Most people have
two kidneys, each the size of a fist. these are located on either side of the
backbone, just above the small of the back. Each day, the kidneys pump about
200 liters of blood through 140 miles of tubes and millions of filters.
When
Kidney fails?
Just
one kidney, working at 20% capacity, can
keep a person healthy. Below that level, you
begin to feel tired or weak, and lose your appetite. This is because toxic
wastes start to build up in the blood. Fluid collects, causing tissue swelling,
lung congestion and high blood pressure. To stay healthy, a method is needed to
replace lost kidney function.
What
are my treatment options?
Several
treatment options are available for people with kidney failure, sometimes
called End Stage Renal Disease or ESRD. These include kidney dialysis, kidney
transplantation, and the non-treatment choice.
Peritoneal
Dialysis
This form of
dialysis occurs inside the body. It uses your peritoneal membrane (the lining
of your abdomen) as the filter. For this treatment, a tube called a catheter is
surgically placed through the wall of your abdomen.
Special dialysis
solution will flow into the peritoneum through the catheter. Waste products and
excess fluids pass from the blood. They move through the peritoneal membrane,
into the dialysis solution. Then, they are drained from the peritoneal cavity.
Peritoneal dialysis can be performed by hand or by using a machine. Tubing and
bags are worm only during the solution exchange.
Continuous
Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) allows gravity to draw dialysis solution
into and out of the peritoneal cavity, using a system of tubing and bags.
With CAPD, you
connect tubing and a bag of sterile dialysis solution to the peritoneal
catheter. By raising the bag to shoulder level or higher, the solution flows
into the peritoneum. When empty, simply remove and throw away the tubing and
solution bag.
During daily
activities, the peritoneal membrane acts as a filter for your blood. Waste
products and excess water transfer to the dialysis solution. After a few hours,
you attach new tubing and an empty bag to the catheter. Then, lower the bag to
drain the waste-filled fluid from the peritoneum.
The number of
exchanges per day, and length of time per exchange, varies by person. Usually,
CAPD is performed four times a day. Each solution exchange lasts about one-half
hour. Assist devices help people with problems seeing or with problems using
their hands to do CAPD. The second type of peritoneal dialysis, Automated
Peritoneal Dialysis (APD)-involves a machine. you attach the tubing and
solution bags to the machine. before going to sleep, you connect the tubing to
the peritoneal catheter. During the night the machine performs the dialysis.
For extra
therapy, dialysis solution remains in the peritoneal cavity during the day. The
peritoneal cavity of the most adults can hold about two to three lines of
fluid.
Hemodialysis
Blood is pumped
outside the body to an artificial kidney machine. The machine cleanses the
blood and returns it to the body. Only a small amount of blood is out of the
body at any time.
A "Fistula" (the
surgical linking of an artery to a vein) provides access to blood vessels. So
does a "graft" (tubing surgically placed under the skin, linking an artery to a
vein).
Two needles are
placed into the fistula or graft. The needled are then attached by plastic
tubing to a special filter. This filter is an artificial kidney called a
dialyzer. One needle withdraws blood for cleansing. The other needle returns
filtered blood to the body.
A pump pushes
blood through the dialyzer. Blood passes on one side of the filter. Solution
made by the dialysis machine passes on the other side. The solution draws
excess fluid and waste out of the blood. A filter is used with pores large
enough to allow waste to leave. Larger molecules like blood cells cannot pass
through the filter.
The average
person receives three treatments per week. Each treatment lasts three to four
hours. There are two options for hemodialysis: (1) home hemodialysis, and (2)
in-center or clinic hemodialysis.
Transplantation
During this
operation, a healthy donated kidney is placed deep under your skin near your
hip bone. In some cases, the non-working kidneys may be removed to control
infection or high blood pressure.
Transplantation
is the most "natural" solution to kidney failure. However, the National Kidney
Foundation believes that only about 50% of dialysis patients meet the physical
requirements for a transplant, or choose this treatment option.
The wait for a
healthy kidney can be as short as a few weeks, or as long as two years or more.
This depends on kidney availability, and the tissue match with the donor.
Transplanted kidneys come from two sources: (1) living donors-family members
make the closest tissue matches, or (2) from people who decided to donate their
organs when they die.
What
are facts of Kidney disease?
More than ten million
Americans have kidney problems. Some of these problems include:
infections, kidney stones, kidney cancer and Polycystic Kidney Disease.
Many people also have chronic kidney disease (CKD). When you have CKD,
your kidneys do not work as well as they should. CKD can lead to kidney
failure. Kidney failure can only be treated with dialysis or a kidney
transplant. Here are some facts about kidney
disease:
-
About 1 in 12 people in America has a kidney
or urinary tract disease.
-
Over 20 million adults over age 20 have
chronic kidney disease.
-
Diabetes is the number one cause of kidney
failure. High blood pressure is number two.
-
Over 80,000 people with kidney failure die
each year. Kidney disease is America's ninth leading cause of death.
-
There are 450,000 people being kept alive
through dialysis or kidney transplants.
-
Over 65,000 patients are on the waiting list
for a kidney transplant. Sadly, only 15,000 will get a new kidney this year.
FOUNDATION
Frequently Asked Questions
Kidney act like a
24-hour cleaning crew for your blood. They filter out
waste products. They get rid of excess water. They balance chemicals in your
blood such as potassium and sodium .They remove excess acid. They also produce
a hormone to help the bone marrow make red blood cells.
Most people have
two kidneys, each the size of a fist. these are located on either side of the
backbone, just above the small of the back. Each day, the kidneys pump about
200 liters of blood through 140 miles of tubes and millions of filters.
Just
one kidney, working at 20% capacity, can
keep a person healthy. Below that level, you
begin to feel tired or weak, and lose your appetite. This is because toxic
wastes start to build up in the blood. Fluid collects, causing tissue swelling,
lung congestion and high blood pressure. To stay healthy, a method is needed to
replace lost kidney function.
Several treatment options are available for people with kidney failure, sometimes called End Stage Renal Disease or ESRD. These include kidney dialysis, kidney transplantation, and the non-treatment choice.
Peritoneal Dialysis
This form of
dialysis occurs inside the body. It uses your peritoneal membrane (the lining
of your abdomen) as the filter. For this treatment, a tube called a catheter is
surgically placed through the wall of your abdomen.
Special dialysis
solution will flow into the peritoneum through the catheter. Waste products and
excess fluids pass from the blood. They move through the peritoneal membrane,
into the dialysis solution. Then, they are drained from the peritoneal cavity.
Peritoneal dialysis can be performed by hand or by using a machine. Tubing and
bags are worm only during the solution exchange.
Continuous
Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) allows gravity to draw dialysis solution
into and out of the peritoneal cavity, using a system of tubing and bags.
With CAPD, you
connect tubing and a bag of sterile dialysis solution to the peritoneal
catheter. By raising the bag to shoulder level or higher, the solution flows
into the peritoneum. When empty, simply remove and throw away the tubing and
solution bag.
During daily
activities, the peritoneal membrane acts as a filter for your blood. Waste
products and excess water transfer to the dialysis solution. After a few hours,
you attach new tubing and an empty bag to the catheter. Then, lower the bag to
drain the waste-filled fluid from the peritoneum.
The number of
exchanges per day, and length of time per exchange, varies by person. Usually,
CAPD is performed four times a day. Each solution exchange lasts about one-half
hour. Assist devices help people with problems seeing or with problems using
their hands to do CAPD. The second type of peritoneal dialysis, Automated
Peritoneal Dialysis (APD)-involves a machine. you attach the tubing and
solution bags to the machine. before going to sleep, you connect the tubing to
the peritoneal catheter. During the night the machine performs the dialysis.
For extra
therapy, dialysis solution remains in the peritoneal cavity during the day. The
peritoneal cavity of the most adults can hold about two to three lines of
fluid.
Hemodialysis
Blood is pumped
outside the body to an artificial kidney machine. The machine cleanses the
blood and returns it to the body. Only a small amount of blood is out of the
body at any time.
A "Fistula" (the
surgical linking of an artery to a vein) provides access to blood vessels. So
does a "graft" (tubing surgically placed under the skin, linking an artery to a
vein).
Two needles are
placed into the fistula or graft. The needled are then attached by plastic
tubing to a special filter. This filter is an artificial kidney called a
dialyzer. One needle withdraws blood for cleansing. The other needle returns
filtered blood to the body.
A pump pushes
blood through the dialyzer. Blood passes on one side of the filter. Solution
made by the dialysis machine passes on the other side. The solution draws
excess fluid and waste out of the blood. A filter is used with pores large
enough to allow waste to leave. Larger molecules like blood cells cannot pass
through the filter.
The average
person receives three treatments per week. Each treatment lasts three to four
hours. There are two options for hemodialysis: (1) home hemodialysis, and (2)
in-center or clinic hemodialysis.
Transplantation
During this
operation, a healthy donated kidney is placed deep under your skin near your
hip bone. In some cases, the non-working kidneys may be removed to control
infection or high blood pressure.
Transplantation
is the most "natural" solution to kidney failure. However, the National Kidney
Foundation believes that only about 50% of dialysis patients meet the physical
requirements for a transplant, or choose this treatment option.
The wait for a
healthy kidney can be as short as a few weeks, or as long as two years or more.
This depends on kidney availability, and the tissue match with the donor.
Transplanted kidneys come from two sources: (1) living donors-family members
make the closest tissue matches, or (2) from people who decided to donate their
organs when they die.
More than ten million
Americans have kidney problems. Some of these problems include:
infections, kidney stones, kidney cancer and Polycystic Kidney Disease.
Many people also have chronic kidney disease (CKD). When you have CKD,
your kidneys do not work as well as they should. CKD can lead to kidney
failure. Kidney failure can only be treated with dialysis or a kidney
transplant. Here are some facts about kidney
disease:
-
About 1 in 12 people in America has a kidney or urinary tract disease.
-
Over 20 million adults over age 20 have chronic kidney disease.
-
Diabetes is the number one cause of kidney failure. High blood pressure is number two.
-
Over 80,000 people with kidney failure die each year. Kidney disease is America's ninth leading cause of death.
-
There are 450,000 people being kept alive through dialysis or kidney transplants.
-
Over 65,000 patients are on the waiting list for a kidney transplant. Sadly, only 15,000 will get a new kidney this year.
